Mandy Biles- Web Creation and Design Blog

Company Magazine

2007-11-01T04:33:00.000-07:00

In this months issue of Company magazine I had a piece printed from when I was on work experience. I argue why it's better to give than it is to receive. Have a read.

Review of a blog tutorial

2007-11-01T04:10:00.000-07:00

This video posted on YouTube involves a self confessed American "computer geek" speaking for 8 minutes in a monotonous tone which you quickly become bored of listening to.

A good aspect of the video is that he does show you how you can earn money from your blog and how to find out how and where people have clicked from to view a blog. He does this by using his own accounts and blog, crazedmule, as examples.

Code Of Practise

2007-10-25T02:57:00.000-07:00

NEWSPAPER AND MAGAZINE PUBLISHING IN THE U.K.
Editors’ Code of Practice

This is the newspaper and periodical industry’s Code of Practice. It is framed and revised by the Editors’ Code Committee made up of independent editors of national,regional and local newspapers and magazines. The Press Complaints Commission, which has a majority of lay members, is charged with enforcing the Code, using it to adjudicate complaints. It was ratified by the PCC on the 1 August 2007. Clauses marked* are covered by exceptions relating to the public interest.

The Code

All members of the press have a duty to maintain the highest professional standards. The Code, which includes this preamble and the public interest exceptions below, sets the benchmark for those ethical standards, protecting both the rights of the individual and the public's right to know.

It is the cornerstone of the system of selfregulation to which the industry has made a binding commitment. It is essential that an agreed code be honoured not only to the letter but in the full spirit. It should not be interpreted so narrowly as to compromise its commitment to respect the rights of the individual, nor so broadly that it constitutes an unnecessary interference with freedom of expression or prevents publication in the public interest.

It is the responsibility of editors and publishers to apply the Code to editorial material in both printed and online versions of publications. They should take care to ensure it is observed rigorously by all editorial staff and external contributors, including non-journalists.

Editors should co-operate swiftly with the PCC in the resolution of complaints. Any publication judged to have breached the Code must print the adjudication in full and with due prominence, including headline reference to the PCC.

1 Accuracy

i) The press must take care not to publish inaccurate, misleading or distorted information, including pictures.

ii) A significant inaccuracy, misleading statement or distortion once recognised must be corrected, promptly and with due prominence, and -where appropriate - an apology published.

iii) The press, whilst free to be partisan, must distinguish clearly between comment,conjecture and fact.

iv) A publication must report fairly and accurately the outcome of an action for defamation to which it has been a party,unless an agreed settlement states otherwise,or an agreed statement is published.

2 Opportunity to reply

A fair opportunity for reply to inaccuracies must be given when reasonably called for.

3 * Privacy

i) Everyone is entitled to respect for his or her private and family life, home, health and correspondence, including digital communications. Editors will be expected to justify intrusions into any individual's private life without consent.

ii) It is unacceptable to photograph individuals in a private place without their consent. Note - Private places are public or private property where there is a reasonable expectation of privacy.

4 * Harassment

i) Journalists must not engage in intimidation, harassment or persistent pursuit.

ii) They must not persist in questioning,telephoning, pursuing or photographing individuals once asked to desist; nor remain on their property when asked to leave and must not follow them.

iii) Editors must ensure these principles are observed by those working for them and take care not to use non-compliant material from other sources.

5 Intrusion into grief or shock

i) In cases involving personal grief or shock, enquiries and approaches must be made with sympathy and discretion and publication handled sensitively. This should not restrict the right to report legal proceedings, such as inquests.

* ii) When reporting suicide, care should be taken to avoid excessive detail about the method used.

6 * Children

i) Young people should be free to complete their time at school without unnecessary intrusion.

ii) A child under 16 must not be interviewed or photographed on issues involving their own or another child’s welfare unless a custodial parent or similarly responsible adult consents.

iii) Pupils must not be approached or photographed at school without the permission of the school authorities.

iv) Minors must not be paid for material involving children’s welfare, nor parents or guardians for material about their children or wards, unless it is clearly in the child's interest.

v) Editors must not use the fame, notoriety or position of a parent or guardian as sole justification for publishing details of a child’s private life.

7 * Children in sex cases

1. The press must not, even if legally free to do so, identify children under 16 who are victims or witnesses in cases involving sex offences.

2. In any press report of a case involving a sexual offence against a child -
i) The child must not be identified.

ii) The adult may be identified.

iii) The word "incest" must not be use where a child victim might be identified.

iv) Care must be taken that nothing in the report implies the relationship between the accused and the child.

8 * Hospitals

i) Journalists must identify themselves and obtain permission from a responsible executive before entering non-public areas of hospitals or similar institutions to pursue enquiries.

ii) The restriction on intruding into privacy are particularly relevant to enquiries about individuals in hospitals or similar institutions.

9 * Reporting of Crime

i) Relatives or friends of persons convicted or accused of crime should not generally be identified without their consent, unless they are genuinely relevant to the story.

ii) Particular regard should be paid to the potentially vulnerable position of children who witness, or are victims of, crime. This should not restrict the right to report legal proceedings.

10 * Clandestine devices and subterfuge

i) The press must not seek to obtain or publish material acquired by using hidden cameras or clandestine listening devices; or by intercepting private or mobile telephone calls,messages or emails; or by the unauthorised removal of documents, or photographs; or by accessing digitally-held private information without consent.

ii) Engaging in misrepresentation or subterfuge, including by agents of intermediaries, can generally be justified only in the public interest and then only when the material cannot be obtained by other means.

11 Victims of sexual assault

The press must not identify victims of sexual assault or publish material likely to contribute to such identification unless there is adequate justification and they are legally free to do so.

12 Discrimination

i) The press must avoid prejudicial or pejorative reference to an individual's race, colour, religion, gender, sexual orientation or to any physical or mental illness or disability.

ii) Details of an individual's race, colour, religion, sexual orientation, physical or mental illness or disability must be avoided unless genuinely relevant to the story.

13 Financial journalism

i) Even where the law does not prohibit it, journalists must not use for their own profit financial information they receive in advance of its general publication, nor should they pass such information to others.

ii) They must not write about shares or securities in whose performance they know that they or their close families have a significant financial interest without disclosing the interest to the editor or financial editor.

iii) They must not buy or sell, either directly or through nominees or agents, shares or securities about which they have written recently or about which they intend to write in the near future.

14 Confidential sources

Journalists have a moral obligation to protect confidential sources of information.

15 Witness payments in criminal trials

i) No payment or offer of payment to a witness- or any person who may reasonably be expected to be called as a witness - should be made in any case once proceedings are active as defined by the Contempt of Court Act 1981.

This prohibition lasts until the suspect has been freed unconditionally by police without charge or bail or the proceedings are otherwise discontinued; or has entered a guilty plea to the court; or, in the event of a not guilty plea, the court has announced its verdict.

* ii) Where proceedings are not yet active but are likely and foreseeable, editors must not make or offer payment to any person who may reasonably be expected to be called as a witness, unless the information concerned ought demonstrably to be published in the public interest and there is an over-riding need to make or promise payment for this to be done; and all reasonable steps have been taken to ensure no financial dealings influence the evidence those witnesses give. In no circumstances should such payment be conditional on the outcome of a trial.

* iii) Any payment or offer of payment made to a person later cited to give evidence in proceedings must be disclosed to the prosecution and defence. The witness must be advised of this requirement.

16 * Payment to criminals

i) Payment or offers of payment for stories, pictures or information, which seek to exploit a particular crime or to glorify or glamorise crime in general, must not be made directly or via agents to convicted or confessed criminals or to their associates – who may include family, friends and colleagues.

ii) Editors invoking the public interest to justify payment or offers would need to demonstrate that there was good reason to believe the public interest would be served. If, despite payment, no public interest emerged, then the material should not be published.

PCC Guidance Notes

Court Reporting (1994)

Reporting of international sporting events (1998)

Prince William and privacy (1999)

On the reporting of cases involving paedophiles (2000)

The Judiciary and harassment (2003)

Refugees and Asylum Seekers (2003)

Lottery Guidance Note (2004)

On the reporting of people accused of crime (2004)

Data Protection Act, Journalism and the PCC Code (2005)

Editorial co-operation (2005)

Financial Journalism: Best Practice Note (2005)

On the reporting of mental health issues (2006)

The extension of the PCC’s remit to include editorial
audio-visual material on websites (2007)

Copies of the above can be obtained online at www.pcc.org.uk

Press Complaints Commission
Halton House, 20/23 Holborn, London EC1N 2JD
Telephone: 020 7831 0022 Fax: 020 7831 0025
Textphone: 020 7831 0123 (for deaf or hard of hearing people)
Helpline: 0845 600 2757

The public interest

There may be exceptions to the clauses marked * where they can be
demonstrated to be in the public interest.

1. The public interest includes, but is not confined to:

i) Detecting or exposing crime or serious impropriety.

ii) Protecting public health and safety.

iii) Preventing the public from being misled by an action or statement of an individual or organisation.

2. There is a public interest in freedom of expression itself.

3. Whenever the public interest is invoked, the PCC will require editors to demonstrate fully how the public interest was served.

4. The PCC will consider the extent to which material is already in the public domain, or will become so.

5. In cases involving children under 16, editors must demonstrate an exceptional public interest to over-ride the normally paramount interest of the child.

Apple Iphone-"reinventing the phone"

2007-10-15T07:46:00.000-07:00

The new Apple Iphone has been released and has now made it easier for people to share information and pictures on the go with anyone in the world via a quick and easily accessed internet connection.

The phone is bound to encourage the ever increasing popularity of moblogging by making it much easier to access the internet and share pictures.

With the launch of this new phone it means that people are now constantly going to be connected to the internet whilst being able to listen to music and watch videos all at the same time.

Dilbert cartoonist Scott Adams blogged: “When you have a web browser in your pocket, a printed newspaper is redundant.”

Surely that is a fair point, now people have no need to go down to the shops to buy the paper when they can just pick up their phone and look on the different websites to see what has been happening.

Jeff Jarvis, on his blog, Buzz manchine, says: "this gadget is really a whole computer with wi-fi connectivity, a web browser that has the ability to download and display - and also capture and share - all media: text (I just met an author who’s releasing his novel on the iPod), photos, audio, video, interactivity."

In my opinion I would argue that the emergence of the Iphone will lead to other companys releasing similar phones, for example the phone that google are said to be releasing, and this will lead to moblogging becoming ever increasingly popluar and also being able to reach new levels.

Is photojournalism now being over taken by mobile phone images?

2007-10-10T13:50:00.000-07:00

Over the past few years mobile phones have provided a quick outlet for people to capture a moment through a video or a photograph, which they can then quickly share with anyone they choose, but now it seems to be that more and more photogrpahs taken by people from their mobile phones are being used within the media.

Neil Gordan, General Manager, Multimedia Sales and Marketing, Nokia MEA, says: "Thanks to the connectivity guaranteed by the mobile phone, one can easily and quickly share such pictures with other people".

From the tragic events such as the Tsunami in Thailand, The monks protesting in Burma, 9/11 terrorist attacks and the July 7th Bombings on the London Underground, images that people caught up in these events took on their mobiles could be seen on the news and internet worldwide.

With the quality of mobile phone pictures improving and the fact that people tend to have their mobiles with them, the people involved in these events were able to capture pictures and videos of what a photojournalist wouldn't get there in time to take.

Supporters of the amateur photographs being used argue that photojournalists do capture some high quality photographs, but they usually arrive after the event has taken place and don't capture the shocking photographs that can be seen of the events. Many amateur images can be seen of the September 11th New York terrorist attack, on You Tube , posted by the people who were there that day.

Looking at the recent peace protest led by monks in Burma, many of the monks ended up capturing and sharing what was happening by the photographs that had been taken with mobile phones.

Some may argue that the photography is too graphic of these events to show to the public but John Ryley, executive editor at Sky News says: "You are seeing the drama, the story unfolding".

Graphic images arrived to the news desks of the BBC on July 7th 2005,images that had been taken by people involved in the London bombings. The BBC reported to of received about 1,000 mobile photographs and 20 amateur videos. Photographs that truly showed the tragedy and intensity of what the people involved experienced.

The quality of the photographs may not be as good as those taken by photojournalists, but it allows the public to look at the situation through the eyes of the victim. Ryley says: "It empowers...ordinary people to show what happened as it happens, not a minute later or an hour later".

I would argue that more and more amateur photographs are going to be used within the media, especially as the quality of mobile phone cameras are always improving. It is also an attractive source to use because it is instant and can be used minutes after the incident has occurred.

Others believe that it isn't the end for photojournalists. Vicky Taylor, the editor of interactivity for the BBC website, says: "This is not going to take over from news reporters, but what it does do is put you in places that you can't possibly be as a broadcaster".

Welcome

2007-10-10T08:48:00.000-07:00

This is my blog where I will post essays and stories that I have found and written. I will also soon be posting a link to my group project website, and be updating on here what I contribute to that website every week, amongst other useful links.